KWENU: Our Culture, Our Future

THE IMPARTIAL OBSERVER

 Nigeria: As the Dust Settles

Hank Eso

hankeso@aol.com

                                                                                                                                               Sunday 24 April 2011

 

For Nigeria, the 2011 elections marked a watershed moment and transcending of one of the many obstacles confronting the nation. The ghost of botched elections stand buried. The coming months and years will be propitious for political action and true national renaissance. Indeed, the time has come for Nigeria to force the hands of history for its own good.

 

The dolorous and violent aftermath of the recent presidential elections must give Nigerians pause. The evident disapprobation in some quarters with the electoral outcome cannot be ignored, wished away or attributed to pert discontents, bent on creating a rupture, where one was seemingly unnecessary. As to the orderliness, fairness, credibility and transparency of the electoral process, discernible and desirable as these values are, they were in this case as in the other instances, very subjective.  True enough, if the comparative basis for these elections were to be the 2003 and 2007 undertakings, which were fraught with gross irregularities, then this endeavor was by many light years, more credible and therefore, acceptable.  But there are still some “buts” and “ifs.”

 

First, there is the convenience factor. As welcome, convenient and reassuring as it may be, the practice of foreign observers ascertaining the credibility and validity of Nigerian elections --which are entirely our domestic affairs -- is deeply troubling. It is not done in India and not in South Africa. It is troubling because these foreigners have their motives, which are not entirely altruistic. We know also, that when the same foreigners characterize of elections as a “farce” or “shambolic”, our leaders are quick to deride them.

 

Be that as it may, on this occasion, the Nigerian people have presumably spoken. So be it. But it would be an egregious mistake to move on to doing business as usual without looking closely at events, and analyzing the seething anger in some quarters that trigged the recent political violence. Moreover, it was disconcerting and extremely sad to hear some Nigerians from the south, say things like, “if the northerners want to destroy their region, they should go ahead” or “we have won, the north be damned.”  These are divisive and fighting words.

 

Lost in this crass triumphal disposition, is that the violence and protestations in the north could easily be replicated any day in any part of Nigeria where the masses feel disenfranchised. We will do well to recall the NADECO days under Gen. Sani Abacha. That the protesters attacked offices of the ruling party, homes and assets of traditional and political rulers and other elite should serve as a disquieting signal.  What happened in the north could happen anywhere in the south.  The violent episode, even if considered the handiwork of callous and unemployed youths and criminal gangs, is still disturbing as there are legions of such youths in every nook and corner of the federation. The senseless and unnecessary loss of close to 200 lives should not be taken for granted. These facts aside, several deeply distressing issues were manifested. 

 

First, Nigerians largely voted along ethnic and religious lines affirming the nation’s long-standing problem of being divided by the twin-cracks of faith and ethnicity. Such a divide would have been more evident had there been serious Igbo or Yoruba contenders for the presidency. Still, the fault lines are remarkable. 

Second, national interest was again subjugated to personal and partisan interests. This was a trait clearly exhibited by the winning and losing parties and their key candidates. Whereas the leading presidential contenders sought to strike ethnic-cum-faith balance on their political tickets -- Jonathan-Sambo; Buhari-Bakere, Ribadu-Adeola and Shekarau-Oyegun -- in the end, partisanship trumped everything else. 

 

Third, the spate of post-electoral violence Nigeria experienced, though troubling, was not entirely unexpected. The violence spoke to the lack of proper and basic education, civic orientation, high unemployment and the deep-seated distrust that continue to bedevil Nigerian politics. Those who sought to blame the Buhari camp for the violence, took the easy way out, overlooking that he also ran in 2003 and 2007 presidential elections and lost, but there were no violence despite the polls being fraught with fraud.

 

Fourth, even though not so obvious, it is painfully clear that the matrix of determining accomplishment in Nigeria now rests on a single pedestal: financial wealth regardless of how it was acquired. Evidently lost, are the added-values of integrity, leadership, service, natural talent, enterprise, nobility, diligence, philanthropy, and many other forms of human accomplishment not predicated on wealth and material well-being. It is thus understandable, why for many, the need to be on the side of the winning party or the any-government-in-power at any level has become an all-consuming national enterprise (See Politics without a moral and defining edge and “Nigeria’s shifting posts, faux and anti-truth politics”).

 

Finally, we must see the post-electoral violence in the north for what they truly are. Beyond being symptomatic, they were essentially delayed reaction to long-suppressed frustration and discontent over the past dozen years of PDP rule that has almost turned Nigeria into a one-party state.  The political and economic disenfranchisement felt by the northern masses, is equally shared by the masses in other parts of Nigeria. Fundamentally, the north is not alone; look at the Niger Delta and look at the south-east zone.

 

Yet political disenfranchisement in Nigeria, broad as it may seem, offers no credible or justifiable grounds for resort to violence. Whereas political violence may draw attention to the many vexatious challenges confronting Nigeria, it is neither the answer nor the solution to them. Nigerian leaders and elite should consider themselves lucky that the electoral violence has abated and did not spread, considering the contagion effect of the restiveness in several African countries over bad governance and warped elections.

 

Candidly, this is a time for attentive national introspection; not a moment of crass and unbridled triumphalism, despite the temptation. The next four years will present Nigerian leaders, especially President Goodluck Jonathan great opportunities to move the nation forward, but equally so, many more challenges.  If Nigerian leaders fail to address the obvious and not-so-obvious pitfalls of these elections, which resulted in the violence, they should prepare for similar and even more dissembling violence in 2015, when the parameters of who becomes the president would be more fluid and divisive, absent the incumbency factor. Then, both southern and northern youths might protest for different sectarian reasons.

 

For now, our congratulations go to President Goodluck Jonathan and VP Namadi Sambo on their reelection and to INEC and Prof. Attahiru Jega for polls, so ably conducted, notwithstanding the ugly violence that followed.  Likewise, Nigerians should congratulate Gen. Muhammadu Buhari and the Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), not only for a good showing, but for proving that it is possible to build a formidable and credible political opposition within such a short period. 

 

If only the CPC and Ribadu’s Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN) had successfully struck an alliance, the nation’s political landscape would have changed remarkably and for the better. Certainly, a solid political alliance of the core opposition parties would have yielded a closer and more keenly contested presidential elections and perhaps, a runoff.  Such a close race would have assuaged many, even if in the end PDP wins. Moreover, demystifying PDP’s invincibility would have been in the long term national interest. 

 

Nonetheless, reforming Nigerian politic is work-in-progress a process with infinite possibilities, if the political will exist and national interest is accorded priority. It is worth acknowledging, as I suspect some would argue that even if Buhari’s CPC votes of 12,214,853 and Ribadu’s ACN votes of 2,079,151 were combined, it would not have topped Jonathan’s 22,495,187 votes.  This is a plausible argument, but we would never know, given that the CPC-ACN alliance was stillborn, and therefore, swung undecided votes to PDP. It is worth noting nevertheless, that the 57% win by PDP, seems awfully suspect and too perfect an outcome. Did something untoward happen to avoid a runoff? In any democracy, especially in nascent situations like ours, these are sensitive but necessary questions that must be asked in the national interest.

 

As the dust settles and Nigerian political leaders reflect on the state of the nation, they should acknowledge that the people continue to feel betrayed, under served and underrepresented by their leaders. Such feelings run across the board, nationally and transcend ethnic and religious divides.  The ruling national elite should also reflect on how in their self-centered interest, they have failed the national population and failed to put national interest at premium. So far, all their calculations, be it within the ruling PDP, or the opposition CPC, CAN, ANPP, and other smaller parochial parties, point to ensuring or beefing up personal interests. It would be folly to think that the national population is oblivious of this.

 

Far more importantly, the national elite should be conscious and reflect on the fact that there are power centers that do not wish to see the emergence of a formidable and assertive Nigeria, as a key global player.  Political leader within these power centers suffer no amnesia of that brief but shining moment in the late 70s when an assertive Nigeria upended their various forays and meddling in African politics.  Absence such Nigerian leadership, they know that the AU is ineffectual and that individually, they can dictate to most of their former African colonies. The handling of the crises in Sudan, Libya and Cote d’Ivoire and the one-dimensional use of the reaches of the International Criminal Court (ICC) are very instructive. 

 

Although not a member of the so-called BRICS configuration, Nigeria is still touted for its great potentialities, especially as a member of the “Next Eleven” emergent group.  This realization is not too distant from the visionary global ranking and configuration of the Concert of Medium Powers (Lagos Forum) that Prof. Bolaji Akinyemi, as Nigeria’s foreign Minister sought to put in place twenty-five years ago. As a nation with vast oil and other natural resources, and a dynamic, resource-rich and committed Diaspora, Nigeria retains the potential to actualize the greatness and recognition it covets. Yet, its international standing can only derive from the extrapolation of its domestic stability, peace and security.

 

Here is my take: Efficient and purposeful nation-building and political stability in any nation, Nigeria included, will always rest on the tripod of trust and accountability; good governance and equity and fair representation.  Past and present Nigerian leaders have always espoused these values, but only so as precepts.  However, Nigerian leaders continue to believe, given the docility of Nigerians and lack of patriotism, that they will always get away with minimalist forms of governance.  For Nigeria, the 2011 elections marked a watershed moment and the transcending of one of the many obstacles confronting the nation. For now, the ghost of botched elections lies buried. The coming months and years will be propitious for political action and true national renaissance. Indeed, the time has come for Nigeria to force the hands of history for its own good.

With neither anger nor partiality, until next time, keep the law, stay impartial, and observe closely.

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Hank Eso is a columnist for Kwenu.com.  His observations on Nigerian, African and global politics and related issues, has appeared in various print media, journals and internet-based sites.

© Hank Eso, 24 April 2011.

Email: hankeso@aol.com

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